( 4–6) They can land in the mouth, nose, or eyes of those in proximity, and they have the potential to be inhaled into the lungs. Droplets generated by infected persons when they cough, sneeze, talk, sing, or breathe range from 0.1 to >100 μm in diameter. ( 2, 3) A recognized key to transmission of COVID-19, and droplet infections generally, is the dispersion of bioaerosols from the patient. ( 1) The new SARS-CoV-2 virus, an acute respiratory infectious agent, is primarily transmitted between people through respiratory droplets and contact routes. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, belongs to the same class of coronaviruses as those that resulted in SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), both of which infected many health care workers (HCWs) in the course of providing patient care. In contrast, therapeutic aerosols do not add to the risk of disease transmission unless contaminated by patients or HCWs.Ĭoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral pandemic affecting >200 countries. Bioaerosols generated by infected patients are a major source of transmission for SARS CoV-2, and other infectious agents. Guidelines for use of personal protective equipment (glove, gowns, masks, shield, and/or powered air purifying respiratory) during high-risk procedures are essential and should be considered for use with lower risk procedures such as administration of uncontaminated medical aerosols. Taking actions to reduce risk of transmission to HCWs is, therefore, a vital consideration for safe delivery of all medical aerosols. The knowledge that COVID-19 subjects can be asymptomatic and still shed virus, producing infectious droplets during breathing, suggests that health care workers (HCWs) should assume every patient is potentially infectious during this pandemic. JIM FINK LOVELACE NEBULIZER MANUALIncreased risk of transmission has been associated with aerosol generating procedures that include endotracheal intubation, bronchoscopy, open suctioning, administration of nebulized treatment, manual ventilation before intubation, turning the patient to the prone position, disconnecting the patient from the ventilator, noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation, tracheostomy, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A recognized key to transmission of COVID-19, and droplet infections generally, is the dispersion of bioaerosols from the patient. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, an acute respiratory infectious agent, is primarily transmitted between people through respiratory droplets and contact routes. National and international guidelines recommend droplet/airborne transmission and contact precautions for those caring for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in ambulatory and acute care settings.
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